Vedic Maths Practice Worksheet on Subtraction (Vinculum)

Vinculum

Let the number be 81, such that there is a bar on number 1. This bar at the top of 1 is called a vinculum. It indicates that 1 is negative and 8 is positive. Hence, the number actually is 80 - 1 i.e. 79. Whenever 0s are coming in between two non-zero digits, the vinculum is applied to them as well.

Shorter Trick to Compute Vinculum of long numbers

For example, if the number is 43587 and there is vinculum on 3587, now following the conventional method will be a long one, hence to increase our calculation speed we do the follow the given steps :

1. Subtract 1 from the leftmost digit
2. Find all from 9 last from 10 for the digits having vinculum.
3. So, now the number becomes 36413.
4. Minuend, Subtrahend & Difference/Remainder
5. If 8 - 2 = 6, then 8 is the minuend, 2 is subtrahend and the difference/remainder is 6.

Note: Similarly, 2 - 8 = -6, or we can say that there is a bar/vinculum on number 6.

Double Digit to Single Digit

This section deals with the ways to use vinculum in double digit and single digit numbers. The steps are as follows:

1. Start computing from left to right
2. Copy the tens digit as it is and move towards the right.
3. If the minuend > subtrahend, write the difference.
4. If the minuend < subtrahend, write the difference with a vinculum on it.
5. Solve the vinculum and write the correct answer.

Double Digit to Double Digit

This section deals with the ways to use vinculum in two double digit numbers. The steps are as follows:

1. Start from the left and move towards the right.
2. Perform the subtraction on the leftmost digit and move to the next digit.
3. If the minuend > subtrahend, write the difference.
4. If the minuend < subtrahend, write the difference with a vinculum on it.
5. Solve the vinculum and write the correct answer.

Note: Similarly, you can solve using any digit number.

Question: Solve the following

1. 67324 - 1657
2. 987413 - 30489
3. 765341 - 9876
4. 105648 - 6450
5. 845068780 - 560897

Question: Fill in the blanks

1. 355 - 76 = _________
2. 428794 - 986 = ______
3. 3488897 - 98741 = ______
4. 9741324 - 123548 = ______
5. 78541 - 23546 = ________
6. 963258741 - 258740963 = ______
7. 951753 - 456987 = ________
8. 3148 - 658 = ______
9. 56487 - 865 = _______
10. 7646 - 782 = ______

Question: Solve the word problems given below

1. A deck of playing cards has 26 red cards. How many black cards are present ?
2. In a team of 64 people, 23 are male members. How many female members are present ?
3. A notebook has 3456 pages. 452 pages are ruled, how many un-ruled pages are present in the book ?
4. There are 98654 books in the library. If 23453 books are issued to the reader, how many books are present in the library ?
5. Out of 27 pens, 13 are writing smoothly. How many pens are not writing smoothly ?

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Answer Key

Answers

1. 65667
2. 956924
3. 755465
4. 99198
5. 844507883
6. 279
7. 427808
8. 3390156
9. 9617776
10. 54995
11. 704517778
12. 494766
13. 2490
14. 55622
15. 6864
16. 26
17. 41
18. 3004
19. 75201
20. 14

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