Excel: IF Formula

The IF Formula is one of the most popular functions in Excel. It allows you to make logical comparisons between a value and what you expect. So, the IF statement can have two results. The first result is if your comparison is true, and the second is if your comparison is false. IF Function can be used to evaluate both text and values. You are not limited to only checking if one thing is equal to another and returning a single result. You can also use mathematical operators and perform additional calculations depending on your criteria. You can also nest multiple IF Functions together in order to perform multiple comparisons. 

The IF function has these arguments:

• logical_test - A value or logical expression that can be evaluated as TRUE or FALSE.
• value_if_true - [optional] The value to return when logical_test evaluates to TRUE.
• value_if_false - [optional] The value to return when logical_test evaluates to FALSE.

For example, to "pass" scores above 90: =IF(A1>=90,"Pass","Fail"). This formula means, if the value in the cell A1 is greater than or equal to 90, return "Pass". Otherwise, return "Fail". The IF function can also be combined with logical functions like AND and OR to extend the logical test.